Integers¶

In Felix we have at type named int which has values which are small integers close to zero.

Type¶

This type is defined by lifting it from C++ in the library by:

type int = "int";

The exact range of integers represented is therefore determined by the underlying C++ implementation.

Literals¶

Non-negative values of type int can be written as a sequence of the decimal digits like this:

You can also put an underscore or single quote between any two digits:

123_456
123'456

Negation¶

There are no negative integer literals. However you can find the negative of an integer using a prefix negation operator, the dash character -, or the function neg:

-1
neg 1

Infix Operators¶

Integers support simple formulas:

(12 + 4 - 7) * 3 / 6 % 2

Here, + is addition, infix - is subtraction, * is multiplication, / is division, and % is the remainder after a division.

Sign of quotient and remainder¶

Division and remainder require a little explanation when negative numbers are involved. The quotient of a division in C, and thus Felix, always rounds towards zero, so:

-3/2 == -1

The the quotient is non-negative if the two operands are both negative or both non-negative, otherwise it is non-positive.

The remainder, then, must satifsy the formula:

dividend == quotient * divisor + remainder

so that we have

remainder == dividend - quotient * divisor

Therefore the remainder is non-negative if, and only if, the dividend is non-negative, otherwise it is non-positive.

Comparisons¶

We provide the usual comparisons from C: == is equality, != is inequality, < is less than, > is greater than, <= is less than or equal to, and >= is greater than or equal to.

The result of a comparison is value of bool type.

Constant Folding¶

If you write a formula involving only literals of type int, the Felix compiler will perform the calculation according to mathematical rules, using a very much bigger integer representation. At the end, the result will be converted back to the smaller int representation.

If the result of the calculations exceeds the size of the compiler internal representation, or, the final result is too large for an int, the result is indeterminate.

Division by Zero¶

If a division or remainder operation has a divisor of zero, the compiler may abort the compilation, or it may defer the problem until run time. If the problem is deferred and the code is executed, an exception will be thrown and the program aborted. However the code may not be executed.

Out of bounds values¶

If the result of a calculation performed at run time is out of bounds, the result is indeterminate.

Summary: Integer Comparisons¶

Operator	Type	Syntax	Semantics
==	int * int -> bool	Infix	Equality
!=	int * int -> bool	Infix	Not Equal
<=	int * int -> bool	Infix	Less or Equal
<	int * int -> bool	Infix	Less
>=	int * int -> bool	Infix	Greater or Equal
>	int * int -> bool	Infix	Greater

Summary: Integer Operations¶

Operator	Type	Syntax	Semantics
+	int * int -> int	Infix	Addition
-	int * int -> int	Infix	Subtraction
*	int * int -> int	Infix	Multiplication
/	int * int -> int	Infix	Division
%	int * int -> int	Infix	Remainder
-	int -> int	Prefix	Negation
neg	int -> int	Prefix	Negation
abs	int -> int	Prefix	Absolute Value

More Integers¶

Felix has many more integer types. See the reference manual:

https://felix.readthedocs.io/en/latest/integers.html

for details.